November 18

  • 1969 Joseph Kennedy (81), businessman, investor, politician and father of the brothers John F. (1917–63), Robert (1925–68) and Edward (1932–2009), died.
  • 1860 Ignacy Jan Paderewski, pianist, composer, diplomat and third prime minister of the Republic of Poland (Jan.–Dec. 1919), was born.
  • 1809 Thomas ‘the Chevalier’ O’Gorman, officer in Louis XV’s Irish Brigade, wine merchant and manuscript collector who lost his extensive French estates during the Revolution, died in his native County Clare.